CHIPS can settle $2T with about $96B of funding versus an estimated $442B under traditional RTGS, according to [The Clearing House](https://www.theclearinghouse.org/payment-systems/Articles/2026/04/CHIPS-Delivers-Record-Value-and-Resilience-for-Participants-in-2025). Copying that capital efficiency onchain recreates an IOU layer: customer tokens can look final while banks still carry counterparty exposure until fiat settlement, the timing gap the [Dallas Fed documented on July 14](https://www.dallasfed.org/research/economics/2026/0714).

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